Artificial intelligence is popping up all around us everywhere we look, both in areas that border on science fiction (self-driving vehicles) to the more mundane (what show should I watch on Netflix?). While AI is a fairly broad area of study in computer science, most of the excitement these days is centered on an area of AI called machine learning and in particular a technique called deep learning. Machine learning aims to let algorithms learn and predict answers to problems by analysing data to make predictions on their own.